What are the advantages to using volunteers?

1. Separate page with references (350 words): From a technological perspective, looking forward PAST ten years.  What challenges do you see for public safety and public safety leaders?  If you could predict the future (>10 years), what trends, challenges or issues do you see as paramount, and how are current leaders going to prepare their organizations for the future?  Describe how public safety leadership must change and adapt to effectively and appropriately address these future challenges.  Potential topics to consider in public safety; exponential technology advancements that benefit criminal activity, common use of police body and street cameras, identity theft, hacking, facial recognition, armed drones, jamming and disabling communications technology, deployed IEDs or dirty bombs, robotic crimes, social media driven public unrest, public concealed and open carry firearms, pandemics, and personal information accessibility.  Do you believe public safety leaders are positioned to take on the future challenges?

2. Separate page with references (350 words) The recovery phase of any disaster event creates a huge requirement for manpower for cleanup, repair, and restoration.  Traditionally, a sizable segment of the manpower pool is provided by volunteers from NGOs, churches, community organizations, schools, etc.  What are the advantages to using volunteers?  What are the disadvantages?

3. Separate page with references (350 words) A major challenge for future homeland security budgeting issues lies with developing a civilian capability to deal with failed and fragile states.  In 2004, the State Department established the Office of the Coordinator for Reconstruction and Stabilization (CRS) to coordinate US governmental reconstruction and stabilization to “help stabilize and reconstruct societies in transition from conflict or civil strife so they can reach a sustainable path toward peace, democracy and a market economy.” Looking at our experience in Iraq and Afghanistan, how has this effort fared?  Why? In 2011, this function was subsumed within the Bureau of Conflict and Stabilization Operations (CSO) which worked to “deemphasize” preparation for “sizable state-building post-conflict missions”.  What happened?  What is our obligation to countries we have defeated once the battles are over?