What are dietary supplements?

Question

Question 1 (1 point)

Which nutrient contains the most calories per gram?

Question 1 options:

A) vitamins

B) lipids

C) carbohydrates

D) protein

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Question 2 (1 point)

Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids are considered

Question 2 options:

micronutrients

macronutrients

antioxidants

free radicals

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Question 3 (1 point)

Which is a fat-soluble vitamin?

Question 3 options:

calcium

B6

C

D

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Question 4 (1 point)

Which type of research study compares disease rates among population groups, and attempts to identify related conditions or behaviors?

Question 4 options:

placebo

clinical trial

case control

epidemiological

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Question 5 (1 point)

Which is not a “red flag” of inaccurate or exaggerated science?

Question 5 options:

recommendations made to help sell a product

recommendations that promise a quick fix

recommendations from a peer-reviewed journal

simplistic conclusions drawn from a single study

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Question 6 (1 point)

6.The starches and sugars found in grains, vegetables, legumes, and fruits are

Question 6 options:

carbohydrates

lipids

inorganic compounds

phytochemicals

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Question 7 (1 point)

A research study is said to be double-blind if

Question 7 options:

a change that reflects the participants’ expectations is observed

the subject knows that he/she is receiving two treatments during the experiment

neither the subjects nor the investigators know which study group is receiving the placebo

the placebo has two possible effects on the study group

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Question 8 (1 point)

One example of a chemical in food that is not a nutrient is

Question 8 options:

fiber

vitamin C

starch

magnesium

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Question 9 (1 point)

The six classes of nutrients in foods are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water

Question 9 options:

True

False

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Question 10 (1 point)

The study of how different foods can interact with genes to alter a person’s risk of developing a chronic disease is called nutrigenomics

Question 10 options:

True

False

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Question 11 (1 point)

Described as a set of people being studied to evaluate the effect of an event, substance, or technique

Question 11 options:

Correlations

Experimental group

Case control studies

Nutrigenomics

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Question 12 (1 point)

Proteins are organic compounds made of smaller building blocks called

Question 12 options:

Fatty acids

Carbohydrates

Glycerol

Amino Acids

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Question 13 (1 point)

Substances in plants that may possess health-protective effects, even though they are not essential for life

Question 13 options:

Phytochemicals

Antioxidants

Macronutrients

Micronutrients

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Question 14 (1 point)

In a study of how vitamin E may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, one group was given a placebo, and the other group was given vitamin E supplements. The group that received the placebo was the

Question 14 options:

control group

experimental group

double-blind group

hypothetical group

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Question 15 (1 point)

Protein, fat, and ___________ are the macronutrients.

Question 15 options:

Lipids

Vitamins

antioxidants

carbohydrates

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Question 16 (1 point)

The _____ are the maximum levels of daily nutrient intakes that are unlikely to pose health risks to almost all individuals in the group for whom they are designed

Question 16 options:

Tolerable Upper Intake Level(s)

The Recommended Daily Allowance

Adequate Intake

Estimated Average Requirements

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Question 17 (1 point)

The nutrient intake level estimated to meet the needs of 50% of the individuals in a life-stage and gender group is known as

Question 17 options:

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)

Tolerable Upper Intake Level (ULs)

Adequate Intake (AI)

Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)

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Question 18 (1 point)

What components of a food label can help consumers compare the amounts of nutrients in a food to the amount of that nutrient that is recommended for consumption each day?

Question 18 options:

Upper Tolerable Limits

Ingredient List

Daily Values

Recommended Dietary Allowance

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Question 19 (1 point)

Which nutrient is not required to be posted on the Nutrition Facts panel?

Question 19 options:

carbohydrates

fats

water

some selected vitamins such as vitamin A and C

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Question 20 (1 point)

Percent Daily Values (%DV) represent a _______ calorie/day diet.

Question 20 options:

1,500

2,000

2,200

2,500

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Question 21 (1 point)

Ingredients on food labels should be listed in order of

Question 21 options:

highest concentration to lowest concentration

carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

descending order by weight

fats, carbohydrates, and proteins

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Question 22 (1 point)

Health researchers have discovered links between diet and high blood pressure, cancer, and heart disease

Question 22 options:

True

False

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Question 23 (1 point)

Chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, stroke, and diabetes have all been linked to over nutrition

Question 23 options:

True

False

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Question 24 (1 point)

Compared to a baked potato, French fries are more nutrient dense.

Question 24 options:

True

False

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Question 25 (1 point)

What best describes the term balance as part of menu planning

Question 25 options:

selecting a variety of foods at each meal

selecting foods that are high in calories only at one meal

planning more of a plant-based diet

consuming enough, but not too much from all of the different food groups

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Question 26 (1 point)

Foods high in nutrient density are those that provide substantial amounts of vitamins and minerals and relatively few calories

Question 26 options:

True

False

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Question 27 (1 point)

The following is an example of a health claim:

Adequate calcium and vitamin D along with regular exercise may reduce the risk of osteoporosis

Question 27 options:

True

False

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Question 28 (1 point)

The following are all examples of a nutrient content claim for a “free food” on a food label- fat-free, bug-free, sodium –free and calorie-free.

Question 28 options:

True

False

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Question 29 (1 point)

Vitamin C prevents scurvy is an example of a structure/function claim.

Question 29 options:

True

False

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Question 30 (1 point)

The three types of claims allowed on a food label or dietary supplement are nutrient content claims, health claims and cures of disease claims

Question 30 options:

True

False

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Question 31 (1 point)

A food that may provide a health benefit beyond basic nutrition is known as a

Question 31 options:

free radical

functional food

direct additive

indirect additive

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Question 32 (1 point)

What best describes a short-lived, highly reactive chemical that can have detrimental effects on cells?

Question 32 options:

free radical

functional food

direct additive

indirect additive

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Question 33 (1 point)

A substance continually produced in our cells that, over time, may cause damage to DNA and other important cell structures is known as a

Question 33 options:

free radical

functional food

direct additive

indirect additive

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Question 34 (1 point)

Substances in plants that help resist the attacks of bacteria and fungi, the ravages of free radicals, and increased levels of ultraviolet light from the sun are

Question 34 options:

free radicals

phytochemicals

indirect additives

alternative medicine

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Question 35 (1 point)

Substances added to foods for a specific purpose are called _____________.

Question 35 options:

supplements

direct additives

phytochemicals

free radicals

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Question 36 (1 point)

Calcium-fortified orange juice, breakfast cereal fortified with folic acid, and yogurt with live active cultures are all examples of

Question 36 options:

foods enhanced with functional ingredients

examples of regulatory issues for functional foods

examples of indirect additives

all of the above are true

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Question 37 (1 point)

The therapeutic use of herbs and other plants to promote health and treat disease is called

Question 37 options:

Herbal therapy (phytotherapy)

Megadosing

Macrobiotic dieting

Orthomolecular medicine

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Question 38 (1 point)

Lycopene is commonly found in

Question 38 options:

garlic

tomato sauce

yogurt

toothpaste

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Question 39 (1 point)

True or False? Garlic contains sulfur compounds that may increase heart disease risk.

Question 39 options:

True

False

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Question 40 (1 point)

True or False? Phytochemicals are complex plant chemicals that are essential for human life.

Question 40 options:

True

False

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Question 41 (1 point)

True or False? Structure/function claims must be based on a food’s nutritive value.

Question 41 options:

True

False

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Question 42 (1 point)

True or False? Health care professionals often discourage moderate nutrient supplementation for people with elevated nutrient needs.

Question 42 options:

True

False

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Question 43 (1 point)

True or False? Phytochemicals help neutralize free radicals.

Question 43 options:

True

False

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Question 44 (1 point)

True or False? Dietary supplements can include vitamins, minerals, animo acids, carotenoids, bioflavonoids, and probiotics.

Question 44 options:

True

False

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Question 45 (1 point)

True or False? Under FDA guidelines, a functional food’s label may have a nutrient content claim, health claim, or structure/function claim.

Question 45 options:

True

False

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Question 46 (1 point)

True or False? A structure/function claim describes the link between a nutrient and a deficiency disease, and can base claims on their own review and interpretation of the scientific literature

Question 46 options:

True

False

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Question 47 (1 point)

True or False? Like food labels, supplement labels have both mandatory and optional information

Question 47 options:

True

False

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Question 48 (1 point)

True or False? Excesses of some nutrients can create deficits of other nutrients.

Question 48 options:

True

False

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Question 49 (1 point)

Soybeans and soy products are a good source of the two isoflavonesdaidzein and genistein.

Question 49 options:

True

False

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Question 50 (1 point)

Two useful questions to ask when you visit a health information Web site are:

1) Who runs the site?

2) Why have they created the site?

Question 50 options:

True

False

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