Explain the efficiency perspective and the opportunistic perspective of Positive Accounting Theory

INSTRUCTION:

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  • ➢  This assignment consists of two question. The due date and time is noted above.
  • ➢  It is your responsibility to ensure you factor in any time difference between
    Darwin and other locations when submitting your assignment.
  • ➢  Please upload your file using the submission point for the assignment on Learnline.
  • ➢  Assignments submitted via e-mail will NOT be accepted.
  • ➢  There is no need to complete a university cover sheet but DO please include your
    name, Student Number, and your tutor’s name.
    Ethics:

➢ This is not a group assignment; it is an individual assessment. Your answers will likely be different from other students. If portions of your assignment are copied or very close to copying, all parties will be penalised for copying. Copying would be considered plagiarism and CDU has restrict policies in this regard (please seehttps://www.cdu.edu.au/academic-integrity for details).

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ACT505 Assignment 2, Semester , 2021 Page 1

Question One (15 Marks)

Banks to slash extra 1000 jobs

On 21st August 2002 the Commonwealth Bank (CBA) announced that it would slash 1550 jobs while creating 550 jobs, a net loss of 1000 jobs. It planned to reduce inefficient operations, task duplication & some back-office processing functions, but stated that it would not close more branches even where closures had been planned. The news received hostile reactions from both unions and consumer advocates like the Australian Consumers’ Association (ACA).

Union officials said that the job cuts were scandalous, and that bank staff were suffering from uncertainty following previous cuts and closures. ‘ It is unbelievable’ said Tony Beck, Finance Sector Union national secretary. ‘ They have just shed 500 jobs, all from the retail network. Now we get this punch with another 1000 jobs.’

The ACA was equally unimpressed. Its finance policy officer Catherine Wolthuizen asked when the losses would stop. ‘ How much profit is enough for greedy banks like CBA and how much further will it flout consumer and community demands before the Government acts?’

The ACA wants a social charter set up to delineate minimum standards around access to banking and affordability. It has been lobbying the Federal Government to act for consumers in the face of massive bank profits.

CBA’s annual profit leapt 11percent to $2655 billion in the previous financial year, increasing income (over $1.8m) from fees, commissions and other charges contributing to the profit surge. The strong housing market contributed to an increase in lending fees income: $618m, up 3percent. Commissions and other fees raised a massive $1.242 billion, up 6 percent.

Required:

Explain whether you think the banks would or should respond to the concerns of the ACSA and/or concerns of the Finance Sector Union. What theory(s) did you rely on (if any) to form your judgement?

Question Two (Marks 15)

Explain the efficiency perspective and the opportunistic perspective of Positive Accounting Theory. Why is one considered to be ex post and the other ex ante?
Give two examples to illustrate your answer.

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ACT505 Assignment 2, Semester , 2021 Page 2

provide some perspective on the ERP Program currently being implemented at OSU

Scenario

You have just completed your degree and have now joined Abbott, Bronson and Cole, a professional services firm with a strong practice in Higher Education.   You just learned about your first assignment — to help a major university develop plans for a major ERP implementation covering all business operations of the university, and potentially the academic functions as well.

One of the ABC partners, Patricia Abbott, asked that you provide some perspective on the ERP Program currently being implemented at OSU.  She has asked that you prepare a brief memo summarizing the OSU effort.

Your Assignment:

Research the Workday Program at OSU.  Fortunately, The university has provided a website for the community to enhance understanding and awareness for the entire Buckeye community.  This should be your starting place:

https://enterprise-project.osu.edu/about/workday-explained (Links to an external site.)

Navigate from the home page to learn about the capabilities and features of the new business model.  Once you have a good sense of the program, write a brief memo summarizing your findings.  Your memo should address these questions, if possible:

  1. Program Scope:  What business and academic functions will be moved over to the ERP Platform?
  2. ERP Product Suite Selected: Given that WorkDay is the core software suite being deployed, what are the key features/characteristics of the solution.  Are other solutions included within the program as well?
  3. Business Objectives: What does OSU hope to achieve through its implementation program?
  4. Timing and Progress:  What is the implementation timing?  How long will it take, and where is OSU today?
  5. Audit Implications: Are there any accounting and auditing implications that come to mind?

Document your observations in a short memo to Patricia —  1-2 pages, single-spaced.  Be sure to follow class standards for writing memos.  (See sample document.)

Additional Tips:

1. This assignment is intended to get you thinking about the complexity of today’s business environment, and also the inherent risks associated with new ways of doing business.  Additionally, you should gain some preliminary insights into the impact of ERP software on the business environment.  The assignment is also intended to reinforce business writing skills, so be sure to format your response in a well-organized business memo.

2.  You should not conduct extensive research on either Workday or OSU.  Rather, your memo should be a guide for additional in-depth research at a later point.

3. Be sure to follow class standards for writing memos.

Analytic Hierarchy Process

Project and term paper: Based on methods and tools you learned about the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in this course, with the explicit exception of Multifactor Evaluation Process, conduct a project for a realistic application of quantitative analysis to your business or personal decisions.

The term paper for this project should include:

(1) A one-page description of your problem and its importance

(2) A one-page discussion of the solution procedure and the rationale

(3) One or more pages of presentation of your quantitative analysis and results

(4) One or more pages of discussion of your insights, critique, and possible expansion for the application

identify and address the current problems with inventory shrinkage.

identify and address the current problems with inventory shrinkage.

According to a recent article from Forbes, retail operations in the United States are experiencing over $60 billion a year in losses primarily due to employee theft. Imagine you have been hired as a loss prevention specialist for a large retail chain and your first assignment is to identify and address the current problems with inventory shrinkage. Select and discuss one of the following internal controls below you would implement to help prevent future employee fraud/theft? Be sure to provide your rationale.

PICK ONE

  • Option A: More stringent background screenings for new hires (i.e. reference checks, criminal record checks, credit record checks)
  • Option B: Tighter security controls (i.e. video surveillance, random inventory/break cash audits, computer system audits, segregation of duties)

LINK BELOW

https://blackboard.strayer.edu/bbcswebdav/xid-143479346_4

WALMART Financial statement Case Study

WALMART Financial statement Case Study

For the Company selected(WALMART), please identify the 10 elements of the financial statement and answer the following questions (including a copy of the financial statements in PDF format and page references):

  • What are total assets for the current and prior period?
  • What are total liabilities for the current and prior period?
  • What is total net equity for the current and prior period?
  • What are total contributions from owners in the current and prior period?
  • What are total distributions to owners in the current and prior period?
  • What are total revenue in the current and prior period?
  • What are total operating expenses in the current and prior period?
  • What are total non-operating gains in the current and prior period?
  • What are total non-operating losses in the current and prior period?
  • What is total comprehensive income in the current and prior period?

Cookie Business Presentation 

Cookie Business Presentation

Now that you have completed running some calculations for the cookie business, you will present your findings.

The learning objectives of this project allow you to apply accounting concepts and standards to the creation of accounting information and reports. Using your final project from Unit VII as a guide, create an eight- to ten-slide PowerPoint presentation.

In this presentation, you want to summarize what you found and discuss how you think these findings will help you make better business decisions. In addition, provide future recommendations for the cookie business based on your report findings.

Your presentation slides should be somewhat simple (incomplete sentences, bullets, etc.) with appropriate graphics or images. You must add content to your presentation (completed sentences) through the notes feature in PowerPoint.

The following resources will help you with your presentation: PowerPoint Basics (This will show you how to add notes to your presentation. See link below

https://columbiasouthern.adobeconnect.com/_a1174888831/powerpointbasics

Stakeholders and Crisis Management

Unit 3 Assignment: Stakeholders and Crisis Management

Attached Files:

Organizations and businesses today are more complex and networked than in any previous historical period.  Because of the numerous transactions of corporations, methods are required to understand an organization’s moral obligations and relationships to its constituencies. Refer to the attached document for assignment details and grading rubric.

Exploring Environmental Issues

Unit 3 DB: Warriors in Environmental Activism (ENV110 – Exploring Environmental Issues)

Research and find an example of an environmental activist and how they worked toward conservation or preservation of a natural resource.  Discuss how you feel about this type of activism, and if you believe it is a valid environmental concern today.  Explain your reasoning.

Unit 3 DB: The Stakeholder Approach (BUS340 – Business Ethics)

What are the reasons for encouraging leaders to use the stakeholder approach in their thinking?  What might be some of the ethical difficulties if the stakeholder thinking was not used?  How might personal interest and the interests of others enter into the decision-making process?

Unit 3 DB: Does viewing violence lead to violent behavior? (PSY101 – Fundamentals of Psychology)

After viewing Bandura’s original video from his 1961 study above, complete the following for this discussion:

  • Explain the basic concepts demonstrated in this study in regard to observational learning.
  • Based on the video and your reading, do you believe that violence in television, media, or video games likely promote violent behaviors according to the principles of observational learning?  Please share your thoughts and examples.
  • Additionally, discuss your own real-life example of the concept of observational learning by sharing an incident either witnessed personally or through the media.
  • Discuss how observational learning differs from theories of learning that emphasize “conditioning” (classical conditioning and operant conditioning).  Use the example of how aggressive behavior may result from conditioning.

Be sure to provide the URL link(s) and/or title(s) to any resource used as reference in your post.

Unit 3 Discussion: Combining Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication (COM107 – Introduction to Communication)

Unit 3 Discussion: Combining Verbal and Non-Verbal CommunicationAfter reviewing the Free Hugs resources provided, first ask yourself what you liked about the verbal and non-verbal messages you saw and heard.  Then consider how your interpretation of the video changed after reading about it.  For this discussion, describe two situations in your own life (one verbal and one non-verbal) where you feel that you have communicated poorly.

Refer to specific information given in the text, videos, and web pages to discuss how you could have enhanced your communication in the situations you described.

Freehugscampaign.org (n.d.). Sometimes, a hug is all what we need.

Free Hugs Campaign – Official Page (music by Sick Puppies)

Mattel and Toy Safety

BUS 250 WEEK 5 

The Final Case Analysis Paper should demonstrate understanding of the reading as well as the implications of new knowledge.  The eight-page paper should integrate readings and class discussions into work and life experiences.  It may include explanation and examples from previous experiences as well as implications for future applications.

The purpose of the Final Case Analysis Paper is for you to culminate the learning achieved in the course by describing your understanding and application of knowledge in the field.

Focus of the Final Case Analysis Paper:

The Final Case Analysis Paper should focus on real life, real time application of topics covered in this course; the uses you have seen and the uses you can envision.  The paper must be submitted to your instructor no later than 11:59 pm of the time zone in which you reside on the last day of class.
Read Mattel and Toy Safety, which is Case Eight in the Cases in Business and Society section at the end of the book. This case describes the 2007 Mattel toy recalls, which were in response to findings that several children’s toys were coated in lead-based paint.

Write an eight to ten page paper that addresses the following questions. Support your opinions with scholarly research.

  1. Do you believe that Mattel acted in a socially      responsible and ethical manner with regard to the safety of its toys? Why      or why not? What should or could Mattel have done differently, if      anything? Be sure to support your answer using your research findings.
  2. Who or what do you believe was responsible for the      fact that children were exposed to potentially dangerous toys? Why do you      think so? Be sure to support your answer using your research findings.
  3. What is the best way to ensure the safety of      children’s toys? In responding, please consider how the following groups      would answer this question: government regulators (in the U.S. and China);      consumer advocates, the toy industry, children’s product retailers; and      standard-setting organizations. What might explain the differences in      their point of view? Be sure to support your answer using your research      findings.
  4. What do you think is the best way for society to      protect children from harmful toys? Specifically, what are the appropriate      roles for various stakeholders in this process? Be sure to support your      answer using your research findings.

concepts  of Employee Relations, Alternative  Dispute  Resolution

The Final  Paper consists  of a discussion,  analysis,  and  application  of the concepts  of Employee Relations, Alternative  Dispute  Resolution ,and  choosing  the appropriate  type of  Business  Entity, with a specific  focus of  each of these areas of the law to the  role  of Christian  leadership  in  the workplace.  Biblical  passages should  be cited  in  support  of each of the legal  concepts. The paper is  due Saturday  (Day 7) of Unit  7. It will  be evaluated  using  the Unit  Assignments  and Final Paper Rubric  (Appendix  A). Use the text and  at least four  academic articles  as the general guideline  for preparing  your  analysis  and  approach. Research the Internet for  articles  and ideas (Wikipedia  is NOT considered  a source) to  tie specific  verses to specific  laws. Include  a discussion  of  biblical  law,  U.S. law,  a comparison  and  contrasting  of each, and  the historical development  and  basis of  U.S. law

Prepare the Term Paper using  the following  guidelines

:•3,500 –4,000 words

•APA-compliant  formatting,  including  title  and reference pages

•Include  Biblical  Foundations  application  section  (500  words minimum)  that  addresses the following: Christian  worldview  regarding  the course Biblical  passages related  to the  course Comparison  of Secular  and Christian  perspectives  related  to the course •Minimum  of five  scholarly references